GEOGRAPHICAL AREA
Egypt is nearly one million square kilometers in size. 90% of the population occupies just 10% of the total surface area of the country. This 10% is habitable land – known as the Nile Delta and Nile Valley regions-suitable for sustaining cultivable crops.    
POWER
220 volts. Sockets are of the European, 2 pronged varieties. If taking a hairdryer or camcorder, be sure to pack a power adapter.   

TIME AND TIMING
 Egypt is two hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time [GMT]. Daylight saving time is also observed, beginning on 01 May and ending on 30 September.

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 Food
Egyptian Food is essentially similar to Turkish, Lebanese, and Persian food, with a big accent on a legume, locally called foul medames. Foul medames are basically fava beans, and they are served in a variety of ways including fried in the form of falafel- and served with houmous and fresh pitta bread.  Another local dish- Kushari is a mixture of macaroni, rice and black lentils, seasoned and served with a generous dollop of spiced tomato sauce and fried onion. Kofta- a seasoned char-grilled beef torpedo shaped morsel is also very tasty, as is fiteer, a kind of Egyptian style pizza. Vegetarians are well catered for. Rice and breads are served in abundance, as are fresh fruits and vegetables. The cruise ships and large hotels serve a wide variety of European and North American style food as well, and there are numerous choices of restaurants particularly in Cairo.

Drinks
Please note that drinks are not included with any meals in Egypt, this includes water and soft drinks. Coffee or teas are often served for free with breakfast but all other drinks must be paid for. It is important to check the prices of drinks before you order. 


 Water
Although water is treated, It is best to drink and brush your teeth only with bottled water. Be sure to check that seals are intact when buying water. 


 TIPPING
Is often a challenge for tourists in Egypt. Tips or baksheesh are customary in many more situations than in some countries. As you are a visitor to this country, you do not always know the right amount to tip someone. It is always at your discretion as it is essentially a sign of your appreciation for the services rendered. Here are a few guidelines: About 1LE for restroom attendants, 5LE per luggage porters, and 10% on meals. As in any country, when you receive excellent service a tip is the best way to show your appreciation.

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WHAT TO WEAR
Egypt is a Muslim country, and as such is conservative in dress. For women, you will be more comfortable if you avoid tight and revealing clothing, and stick with cool flowing cottons. Beach attire and shorts are fine onboard cruises, and  in tourist areas at beach resorts, but not recommended in the cities. Ex-military style clothing should not be worn.


MOSQUES AND RELIGION

About 90% of Egypt's population is Muslim; most of the rest are Coptic Christians. The Mosque is a place of worship and cannot be visited during prayer time, though at any other time, a visit is possible. With the exception of two Mosques in Cairo, Sayyida Zeinab and Al-Hussein, anyone can visit a Mosque. There are a number of splendid examples of Mosques, particularly in Islamic Cairo. Al-Azhar Mosque is a great example of 1000 years worth of theological history, and it is also the world's oldest surviving university. Take care to dress conservatively and ensure that limbs are covered when entering any Mosque. Men must refrain from wearing shorts and all visitors, prior to entry into any Mosque, must remove footwear.

Ramadan

During Ramadan adherents of the Muslim faith fast during daylight hours. Many businesses close during daylight hours, however this does not generally apply to businesses that cater predominately to tourists. The start/finish date for Ramadan is different each year.

LANGUAGE

Arabic is the Official language of  Egypt. English is widely spoken in major towns and tourist center. Egyptians will appreciate any effort on your part to learn few simple words and phrases. Just a few words can go a long way in shops and markets, and can result in light-hearted meetings.


 

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